语法复习(形容词与副词的比较级.docVIP

语法复习(形容词与副词的比较级、冠词的用法) 一、形容词与副词的比较级? 　　大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种 1．规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级 构成法 原级 比较级 　最高级 一般单音节词未尾加-er,-est tall(高的) great(巨大的) taller greater tallest greatest 以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice(好的) large(大的) able(有能力的) nicer larger abler nicest largest ablest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er, -est big(大的) hot(热的) bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加?-er，-est easy(容易的) busy(忙的) easier busier easiest busiest 少数以-er, -ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er, -est clever(聪明的) narrow(窄的) cleverer narrower cleverestnarrowest 其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more, most来构成比较级和最高级。 important(重要的)easily(容易地)? more importantmore easily most important most easily 2．不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good(好的)/ well(健康的) better best bad (坏的)/ ill(有病的) worse worst old (老的) older/elder oldest/eldest much/many(多的) more most little(少的) less least far (远的) farther/further farthest/furthest 注： （1）old 有两种比较级和最高级形式：older/oldest 和elder/eldest。 elder/eldest 只多用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。 My elder brother is an engineer. Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. （2）far 有两种比较级farther和further。在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中，farther 表示距离，further表示进一步。 I have nothing further to say.? 3．几个常用的基本句型： ▲ as + 形容词或副词原级 + as? （1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。 He cannot run so/as fast as you. （2）当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式：as +adj.+ a/an +n.或as + many/much +n. This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.. （3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。 This room is twice as big as that one. Your room is the same size as mine. （4）倍数+ as + adj. + as= 倍数+ the + n. + of This bridge is three times as long as that one. =This bridge is three times the length of that one. Your room is twice as large as mine. =Your room is twice the size of mine.? ▲形容词或副词比较级+ than? You are taller than I. The lights in your room are brighter than those in mine. 注意：? （1）要避免重复使用比较级。 (错) He is more cleverer than his brother. (对) He is more clever than his brother. (对) He is clever