专四让步状语从句.docVIP

从属分句 状语从句 包括时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、方式、比较从句。 让步状语从句 连接词：though、although、as ; even if、even though ; whether….or…..; no matter+疑问词，疑问词+ever. though, although表示“虽然，纵然”之意。although比though正式，二者都可与yet, still或nevertheless连用，但不能与but连用。　值得注意的是，although引导的让步状语从句位于主句之前的情况较多，though引导的让步状语从句可位于主句之前或主句之后。Although/Though he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong. even if, even though 表示“即使……”，“纵使……”之意。even if引导的让步从句含有强烈的假定性，而even though引导让步状语从句时，是以从句的内容为先决条件的，也就是说，说话人肯定了从句的事实Even if he is poor, she loves him. (=He may be poor, yet she loves him.)即使他很穷，但她还是爱他。 　　Even though he is poor, she loves him. (=He is poor, yet she loves him.)尽管他很穷，但她还是爱她。as, though表示“虽然……但是”，“纵使……”之意。as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形，though间或也用于这样的结构中，但although不可以这样用。例如：Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress. (=Though he works hard, he makes little progress.)尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。ool as jerry is, he could not have done such a thing. whether...or...表示“不论是否……”，“不管是……还是……”之意（5）“no matter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”的含义为“……都……；不管……都……”，　当引导让步状语从句时，两者相同，可以互换，但当引导名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同谓语从句）时则只能用whatever（whoever，whichever，whenever，etc）。No matter who you are, you must keep the law.(=Whoever you are, you must keep the law.不管你是谁，你都要遵纪守法。　Ill eat whatever (≠no matter what) you give me. (whatever引导宾语从句)你给我吃什么，我就吃什么。下面句字不能用no matter结构: 　　Whoever comes back firs is supposed to win the prize.(主语从句) 　　I am ready to do whatever you want me to .（宾语从句） 有时while也可以引导让步状语从句，但一般要位于句首。例如： While I like the colour, I dont like the shape.我虽然喜欢那颜色，但不喜欢那形状。….的时候”，表时间点或时间段的动作。While 表示“当….的同时”，表持续的动作或状态，不表短暂。 While tom was reading , jack was writing. When he finished his speech , the audience burst into applause. hardly/scarcely…..when和no sooner……than hardly/scarcely 和 no sooner 后面用完成时，而when和than 后用过去时 （3）the minute/moment/day , the first/second/last time , each/every/next time可引导时间性状语从句 （4）since表示 “自从”, 从句要用非延续性动词，主句要用完成时态。 Since he lived in Beijing , I have not heard from him. Till/until “直到”，肯定句时，主句用