传感器网络自身定位方法的设计及实现.PDFVIP

计算机工程与应用 传感器网络自身定位方法的设计与实现 王永才，赵千川，郑大钟 清华大学自动化系，北京，100084 wangyongcai@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn [摘要] 传感器网络是集无线通信、数据采集和信息处理功能于一体的新兴的分布式自组织数据采集网 络，在军事和民用领域中都有着广泛的应用前景。传感器节点在被布置在目标区域之后，多节点协调 的自身定位是应用阶段的基础。本文基于 Mica2 系统，研究利用电磁波与声波传播时间差(TDOA)进行 测距，利用几何关系的自身定位算法设计与硬件实现。 [关键词] 传感器网络， TDOA ， 几何关系， 自身定位 Design and Implementation of Self-Localization Method for Wireless Sensor Networks Yongcai Wang, Qianchuan Zhao, Dazhong Zheng Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 wangyongcai@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn [Abstract] Sensor networks, which have integrated the wireless communication, data collection and information processing capacities are booming technologies for collecting information in distributed and self-organized manner. They are promised for a wide range of applications for military and civilization. After the deployment of the sensor nodes, sensors localize themselves by coordination, which is the fundamental of various applications. Focusing on Mica2 system, we have studied the time difference of the radio signal and the sound wave (TDOA); discussing the ranging method, the geometry based self-localization methods and the implementation on Mica2 system. [key word] Sensor Networks, TDOA, Geometry, Self-localization 1．引 言 MDS-MAP 和 APIT 等方法[2] 。免测量方法利用相对 位置进行定位，节能性和扩展性好，但需要在网络密 传感器网络(WSN, Wireless Sensor Network)是由 度很高时才能提供较好的定位精度，定位误差一般为 低成本、低功耗的微型无线传感器通过自组织通信形 [2] 无线通讯射程的 30%-40% 。 成的分布式网络，是一种新兴的多技术交叉的数据采