中考复习之英语阅读-猜测词义.pptVIP

一词多义(熟词新义)是语言的普遍现象。 在英语中，除了术语以外，单义词是很少的；多数的词都是多义词，而且在名词、动词、形容词、副词中，往往词的使用频率越高，词义越多，它的生命力就越强。一词多义(熟词新义)给我们学习英语带来很多困难,尤其是在阅读理解中，对准确理解句义形成了很大的障碍。所以，在平常学习英语的过程中，关注这一现象，并尽可能多地掌握理解词汇的诸多意义，显得格外重要。其实，著名的语言学家Chomsky早就说过:Every word is a new word.他的意思就是说，我们只能在具体的语言环境中（通过上下文from the context）才能准确理解一个词的含义。 2010年四月调考完形填空原句： 1.Firemakers faced the most problems during the time. Some of them had no idea how to keep fire burning. 脸——面对 2.It took us an hour to make the fire. 制作——生（火） 3.Finally over ten students were named “King of Cooking”. 名字——起名字，命名 4.“Our eyes had tears from all the smoke and our faces became dirty,” he added. 加上——补充道 小结：以上这些词都是熟词，但是在文中的意思和平时常见的意思不同，词义发生了变化，必须结合上下文来进行猜测和推断。 Two questions:1.你能根据上下文猜出以下几个单词的意思吗？2.你分别用的是哪几种方法来猜测出它们的呢？ Do you know the composition of the milk? That is to say, what is the milk made up? 作文——构成 I didn’t know you would come because you didn’t give me a call. Please give me a ring first next time you come here. 戒指——电话 He became cross at my words because I said he was a big fool and I hated fools most. 横过——愤怒的 He doesn’t like his past jobs, but he likes his present job very much. 礼物——目前的 小结：1.根据释义猜词2.根据同义词关系猜词 3.根据因果关系猜词4.根据转折或对比关系猜词 一词多义： Treat It’s certain that a new drug will be found to treat this kind of cancer in the future. His teachers treat him as their son. They care for him and love him very much. Today it’s my treat.You don’t have to pay for your dinner. （治疗）（对待） （请客） Break He broke the glass yesterday.So today we should buy a new one. Let’s have a break after the class, we are really very tired. The sun shone through a break in the clouds, so there is a little light in the sky. （打破） （休息）（缝隙） Match He needs some matches to light the fire. We won the match last night. The game is really exciting. The shoes doesn’t match the suit. They are not in the same style. He is a strong match against us. Maybe we can’t beat him in the game. （火柴）（比赛）（与…相配） （对手） Present Tom’s mother gave him a computer as his birthday present. Th