赵庆志 论培养大学生纵向横向归纳总结拓展知识的治学方.docVIP

论培养大学生纵向横向归纳拓展知识的治学方法* 赵庆志， 魏修亭， 赵玉刚 （山东理工大学 机械工程学院， 山东 淄博 255049） [摘 要] 教学方法是实现教学目标、保证教学质量的方式、手段与途径的总称，历来得到国内外教育界的高度重视，也从理论上实践上形成了不少成熟的教学方法，本文提出教师不但要研究探索行之有效的教学方法，而且还要研究探索传授给学生行之有效的治学方法，培养大学生的自学能力。作者在多年的教学过程中注重从纵向和横向点拨相关知识点及其联系，培养大学生纵向和横向归纳总结拓展知识的治学方法，收到了比较好的教学效果，并给出了具体案例，对培养大学生养成科学的治学方法具有指导意义。 [关键词] 素质教育；高等教育；教学方法；治学方法；归纳；拓展 [中图分类号] G642 　[文献标识码] A The Discussion on the Cultivation of College Students to expand the Study Method of longitudinal and transverse Induction Knowledge ZHAO Qingzhi, WEI Xiuting, ZHAO Yugang (School of Mechanical Engineering，Shandong University of Technology，Zibo，Shandong 255049，China ) Abstract: Teaching method is a general term for means and ways to ensure teaching quality and realize the teaching goal, Teaching method has been concerned by the educational circles at home and abroad, Many mature teaching methods has been used theorically and practically. This paper suggested that teachers not only explore effective teaching methods, but also explore and teach students research and study method in order to cultivate students self-study ability. In the teaching process of many years,the author pay attention to point out Knowledge relation from the vertical and horizontal direction and cultivate college students how to expand and summarize knowledge longitudinally and transversely, a good teaching effect wased received, teaching concrete cases was introduced, It is of guiding significance to train students to have a scientific method of learning. Key words: Education of all-around development；Higher education；Teaching method；Research and study method；Induction；Teaching method；Expandition 一．问题的提出 全面实施素质教育，培养创新型人才是多年来高等教育领域的热门话题，所谓素质就是知识加能力，再加上能使知识和能力发挥作用的正确做人做事服务于人类社会的动力品行，素质包括知识和能力，但更强调人的内在素养。具体说来大学素质教育是将科学知识、科学技术、科学思想、科学方法、科学精神内化为信念和行为的总和。从(某种意义上讲高等教育使得学生能够化 知为识、化识为智、化智为能、科技结合、德才兼备、奉献社会就是大学素质教育的内涵。“内化”是素质“养成”的基础途径，是大学素质教育的基本规律。大学素质教育的根本目的在于培养大学生具有正确的世界观、人生观和价值观，具有实践能力和创新精神，具有自身知识能力不断拓展、能更好地服务人类社会的本领[1]。