黑土区坡耕地重茬大豆阻控技术研究.pdfVIP

第 29卷 第 3期 大 豆 科 学 Vo1．29 No．3 2010钽 6月 SOYBEAN SCIENCE Jun． 2010 黑土区坡耕地重茬大豆阻控技术研究 李春杰 ，李兆林 ，宋春雨，张兴义 (中国科学院 东北地理与农业生态研究所 ，黑龙江 哈尔滨 150081) 摘 要 ：在黑龙江省海伦市黑土区坡耕地条件下，采用秋整地时增施有机肥、种肥 中增施磷钾肥和种子包衣技术 ， 选用抗耐重茬大豆品种和喷施叶面肥等措施组合成 2套综合技术，探讨可控制该地重茬大豆病虫害和降低减产幅 度 的有效手段 。结果表明：与重茬对照相 比，2套技术均可明显提高大豆株高、根瘤鲜重、根瘤数量、地上干鲜重和 地下干鲜重 ，降低大豆根腐病和籽粒病虫害。所以2套综合措施可促进重茬大豆生长 ，增强抗病能力，提高产量。 关键词 ：大豆 ；重茬 ；坡耕地 ；阻控技术 中图分类号 ：$565．1 文献标识码 ：A 文章编号 ：1000—9841(2010)03-0474—05 CountermeasuresofContinuousCropping Soybean on SloppingLand in Black SoilRegionsofNortheastChina LIChun-jie，LIZhao—lin，SONGChun-yu，ZHANGXing·yi (NorlheaslInstituteofGeographyandAgroecology，ChineseAcademyofSciences，Harbinl50081，Heilongjiang，China) Abstract：Continuoussoybeancroppingbarrierhasbeenstudiedformanyyears，presentresultsshowedthatyieldlossofCOB- tinuouscroppingsoybeanisreducedbyproperagronomicalmanagementpractices．Inordertoexploretheeffectivecounter· measuresofcontrollingdiseasesandpestsofcontinuouscroppingsoybeanonslopinglandintheblacksoilregioninnortheast China．Themeasuresoforganicfertilizerappliedinautumn，phosphorusand potassium fertilizerincreasedbysowingin spring，seedpelleting，resistantcultivarselectedandfoliarfertilizersprayedatgrowthlatestage，wereadoptedbylargeplot areasin thefield in 2009．Theresultsshowed thatplantheight，freshweightandnumberofrootnodules，dryandfresh we／ghtofaboveandundergroundofsoybeanbythecountermeasuresweresignificantlyhigherthancontinuouscroppingcon- trol，rootrotatseedlingstageanddiseasesandpestsofseedsatharvestwerereduced，yeildwasincreaseddistinctly．There- fore，theeffectofincreasedgrowthanddevelopmentpromoted，resistantdiseasesabilitystrengthenedandyieldofcontinuous croppingsoybeanincreased undertheadopted countermeasures． Keywords：Soybean；Continuouscropping；Slop