主动语态与被动语态.docVIP

主动语态与被动语态 一．概念：主动语态：主语是动作的执行者。 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者。 二．构成：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词。 1.be有各种人称和时态的变化。 三、主动语态变被动语态的方法： 1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 2.把主动语态的谓语动词变为被动语态的谓语动词结构。 3.把主动语态的主语变为被动语态介词by的宾语。 4.主动语态变为被动语态时，时态不变。 5.动词要和主语一致。 Note:当动作的执行者不必说明或者没有必要强调时，by短语可省略。例子 1.They grow tea in Southeast China. Tea is grown in Southeast China. 2. She often takes care of the baby. The baby is often taken care of by her. 3.The boys played football last Sunday. Football was played by the boys last Sunday. 4.The workers will build some new roads next year. Some new roads will be built by the workers next year. 各种时态的被动语态： 一般现在时：am, is, are + V.P.P 一般过去时：was, were +V.P.P 一般将来时：will + be +V.P.P 情态动词： can, may, must, should, need + be + V.P.P 现在完成时：have, has +been + V.P.P 现在进行时：am, is, are + being +V.P.P 二 带双宾语的句子 1.He showed me some new pictures. Some new pictures were showed to me by him. I was showed a new picture by him. 2.My mother has bought me a computer. I have been bought a computer. A computer was buought for me by my mother. 3.The old man told him an interesting story. He was told an interesting story by the old man. An interesting story was told to me by the old man. 带复合宾语 的句子 1. He told us to come on time. We were told to come on time. 2. Our teacher asked us to do Exercise 3. We were asked to do Exercise 3. 3.We often see them play volleyball on the playground. They are often seen to play volleyball on the playground. 4.The boss made the boy work 12 hours a day. The boy was made to work 12 hours a day. Note:1.要把间接宾语变为主语。 2.复合宾语是不带 to 的不定式时，变被动语态时要带上 to. 这些词有： here, see, watch, make, have, let, notice等。 主动语态和被动语态概说 被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成： Everybody?likes?him. 大家都喜欢他。 (主动语态) He?is?liked?by?everybody. 他受到大家的喜欢。(被动语态) 主动语态变被动语态的方法 1. 主动语态变被动语态的基本方法 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词)，将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语)： He?broke?the?cup. ?The?cup?was?broken?by?him. 【注意】若不强调动词执行者，被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略： He?was?born?in?1986. 他生于1986年。 What?is?this?flo