书面表达基本功训练[0].docVIP

书面表达基本功训练 一、句子基本概念 （一）五种基本句子类型： 1．主语+系动词+表语 I am a student. （名词） I am a student of Tong’an No.1 Middle School. I was a student of Tong’an No.1 Middle School 25 years ago(in 1985). I have been a student of Tong’an No.1 Middle School since 2007. I will be a university student next autumn. We are happy. （形容词） We are happy in the school. We were happy when we were at school. My father was happy about my progress in the school. They are in the class room. （介词短语） They were in the classroom when the earthquake began. The children were in need of help. The children in the earthquake-stricken areas were in great need of medical help. My first reaction is to run away. （不定式） Your job is to tidy your bedroom every day. My hobby is collecting stamps in my spare time. （动名词） This is what he told me yesterday. （从句） My suggestion is that we hold a class meeting to discuss the matter. 2．主语+谓语（不及物动词） We live in China. They come from England. They lived in China ten years ago. The boys ran away as soon as they saw the teacher. 3．主语+谓语（及物）+宾语 I like English. I found my book under the desk. He met an old friend on his way to work. You will see a high building next to the super market. 4．主语+谓语+双宾语 I gave my mother a birthday present. I wrote him a letter telling him about my situation there. 5．主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 The news really made me happy. We called him monkey because he could jump very high. The teacher didn’t allow us to eat or drink in the classroom. The movie star found himself surrounded by a group of reporters and fans. （二）句子成分： 主语：名词、代词、不定式、-ing形式、从句 The book was written by an American writer. It is about the American Civil War. To understand it is not easy. Having some knowledge of the American history helps you to have a better understanding of it. What is the most impressive is the description of the characters. 谓语：动词（时态变化、数的变化） China began the policy of reform and opening to the outside world in 1978. Since then great changes have taken place. The economy ha