考研语.docVIP

考研语法——句子 句子结构：简单句，并列句，复合句 简单句的结构 1. 主语+谓语 （SV） Day broke. 2. 主语+谓语+主语补语（SVC） He died young. 主语+连系动词+表语（SLP） The doctors seemed very capable. 3. 主语+谓语+宾语 （SVO） She heard whisperings. 4. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语 （SVOC） Mary paid me a visit. 5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补语 （SVOC） I found this book easy. 并列句的结构 常见的并列句结构是：简单句+等立连词+简单句 They were happy and they deserved their happiness. Honey is sweet, but the bee stings. 有时也可不用等立连词，只用逗号，分号，冒号等把分句隔开 He is cruel, he is lustful, he is immensely cunning. He is knocked at the door again and again: there was no answer. (一），连词主要有but ,however, yet, although, on the contrary, while ,and, then, or, not only...but also...,both...and...,neither...nor... （二），并列连词和从属连词按语义分如下几种： A,常见的表示语义引申的并列连词有：1.and Justice is on your side. And justice will triumph over injustice. 正义在你们一边，而正义是会战胜非正义的。 2. neither... nor She could neither speak the language nor write it. 这种语言她既不会说，也不会写。 3. both... and A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。 4. not only... but also We should not only be bold, but also be cautious. 我们不仅要大胆，而且要谨慎。 5. as well as I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays. 我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。 B,表示选择的并列连词有： 1. or You may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it. 你可以自己做或者让别人做。 2. either... or I left it either on the table or in the drawer. 我不是把它放在桌子上了，就是放在抽屉里了。 除了表示选择外，or和either... or还可以表示否定的条件： 1) Now I must go or (if not) I shall be late for the party. 我现在得走了，否则晚会我就要迟到了。 2) Youll either behave yourself, or youll never go out with me. 你要么老实点，要么就永远不能跟我一起出去。 C,表示转折或对比的并列连词有： 1. but He tried hard but he was unsuccessful. 他做了很大努力但没有成功。 2. yet The car was old, yet it was in excellent condition. 这辆车子很旧，但仍处于良好的状态。 3. however She felt ill. She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate. 她病了。然而她照旧去上班，并且尽力集中精神工作。 4. nevertheless I dont know anything against that man; nevertheless I dont trust him. 我对那个人没有什么不良的看法，但我不能信