阿多诺：文化工业再思考.docVIP

阿多诺：文化工业再思考人文与社会 提交 2009/01/20 阅读: 517 摘要:“文化工业在大众的精神构成中的重要性不代表我们可以获准放弃对它的客观合法化和本质存在的思考，这种许可更不应该是来自一种自认是注重实用的科学。” 关键词: 阿多诺 文化工业 本来想发一篇中文译文，但读后发现错误太多。因此改发英文译文。中文译文还是附后。--人文与社会 英文原载：New German Critique, 6, Fall 1975, 12-19 (translated by Anson G. Rabinbach) http://www.icce.rug.nl/~soundscapes/D ... dustry_reconsidered.shtml 1 The term culture industry was perhaps used for the first time in the book Dialectic of Enlightenment, which Horkheimer and I published in Amsterdam in 1947. In our drafts we spoke of mass culture. We replaced that expression with culture industry in order to exclude from the outset the interpretation agreeable to its advocates: that it is a matter of something like a culture that arises spontaneously from the masses themselves, the contemporary form of popular art. From the latter the culture industry must be distinguished in the extreme. The culture industry fuses the old and familiar into a new quality. In all its branches, products which are tailored for consumption by masses, and which to a great extent determine the nature of that consumption, are manufactured more or less according to plan. The individual branches are similar in structure or at least fit into each other, ordering themselves into a system almost without a gap. This is made possible by contemporary technical capabilities as well as by economic and administrative concentration. 2 The culture industry intentionally integrates its consumers from above. To the detriment of both it forces together the spheres of high and low art, separated for thousands of years. The seriousness of high art is destroyed in speculation about its efficacy; the seriousness of the lower perishes with the civilizational constraints imposed on the rebellious resistance inherent within it as long as social control was not yet total. Thus, although the culture industry undeniably speculates on the conscious and unconscious state of the millions towards which it is directed, the masses are not primary,