龚自珍论_六经_与_六艺_传统学术知识分化的第一步.pdfVIP

2009 年 8 月 清史研究 Aug. 2009 第 3 期 The Qing History Journal No 3 　学术专论 ※ 龚自珍论“六经”与“六艺” ———传统学术知识分化的第一步 张寿安 [摘要] “中国近代知识转型”是近年来学界新兴的重要议题。欲探讨中国近代知识转型, 除了分析近代 西方科学式知识如何在中国建构之外 , 中国本身的转变绝对是不可忽略的议题。清代学术位居近代转折之 关键 , 其学术特色与认知 , 代表前近代学者对传统学术及其发展之重要反思。本文就以晚清重要学者龚自 珍为焦点 , 说明他如何从“辨章学术 , 考镜源流”的学术史观点 , 上溯《汉书·艺文志》, 分判“六经”与 “六艺”, 一则为经学的千年传统厘出一个统序 , 建立起经学学术史观; 进而梳理出六艺的知识系统 , 并直 接与乾嘉以降所新兴的专门之学分相属系 , 勾勒出六艺之学的专业分化。这个观察 , 不仅说明传统经学在 前近代中国所呈现的分化情形 , 也展现出清儒对传统学术所作的初步知识层构。 [ 关键词] 清代学术思想史　六经　六艺　龚自珍　知识分化 [ 中图分类号] K2493 　 [ 文献标识码] A 　 [ 文章编号] 1002 - 8587 (2009) - 03 - 0049 - 13 Knowledge Classification in Gong Zizhens Views on the “Six Arts” The transformation of knowledge in modern China has emerged as a critical topic in recent scholarship. To explore Chinas turn to modern knowledge , it is absolutely necessary to understand the changes occurring within China itself , as well as how modern Western scientificstyle knowledge was constructed in China. The scholarship of the Qing period was a key transitional point , which is seen in the nature and recognition of scholarship as represented by important early modern reconsiderations of traditional scholarship. This article focuses on the important late Qing scholar Gong Zizhen , analyzing how he traced Zhang Xuechengs historical view of “bibliographies and schools ”back to the “Yiwen zhi ”of the Hanshu , distinguishing the “Six Classics”and the