精神疾病住院患者合并细菌感染菌种分布及药敏分析.docVIP

精神疾病住院患者合并细菌感染菌种分布及药敏分析 　　[摘要]目的 了解精神疾病住院患者合并?菌感染的特点，为合理应用抗菌药物和预防医院感染提供参考。方法 回顾性分析2013年7月～2016年6月南宁市第五人民医院精神疾病合并细菌感染住院患者送检的各种类型标本的细菌培养结果，用世界卫生组织发布的耐药性统计分析软件WHONET 5.6版，对各种类型标本的病原菌检出率、病原菌的构成，菌种的分布及其耐药性、感染人群年龄分布的数据进行统计分析。结果 送检2382份临床标本，以痰液、咽拭子、血液、尿液类型标本为主，其中常规无菌标本送检占比30.6%。总共分离出349株细菌，总阳性率为14.7%，以分泌物和尿液类型标本阳性率最高。有222株（63.6%）来源于呼吸道标本，62株（17.8%）来源于泌尿道标本。检出病原菌中，肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、化脓性链球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎链球菌、铜绿假单胞菌居前6位。金黄色葡萄球菌MRSA检出率为20.05%，有逐渐上升趋势，未见对万古霉素、利奈唑胺的耐药株。化脓性链球菌对红霉素耐药率为74.5%，未发现对青霉素的耐药株。产ESBLs肺炎克雷伯菌6.3%，产ESBLs大肠埃希菌21.2%。检出病原菌的患者中年龄59岁者占57.9%。结论 我院精神疾病住院患者合并细菌感染病原菌分布及药敏结果有其自身特点：以呼吸道感染和泌尿道感染为主，老年精神疾病患者合并细菌感染比较多，多重耐药菌感染病例较少，但有逐渐上升趋势 [关键词]精神疾病；住院患者；病原菌；细菌耐药性 [中图分类号] R378 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2017）03（c）-0131-05 [Abstract]Objective To understand the characteristics of bacterial infection in hospitalized patients with mental disorders，and to provide references for rational use of antibiotics and prevention of nosocomial infection.Methods The results of bacterial culture were analyzed retrospectively of various types of inspection specimens of inpatients with mental disease complicated with bacterial infection of the Fifth People′s Hospital of Nanning City from July 2013 to June 2016.Statistics released by the WHO for drug resistance analysis software version WHONET 5.6，the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria，the composition of pathogens，the distribution and drug resistance of the strains，and the age distribution of the infected people were statistically analyzed.Results Among 2382 clinical specimens，the sputum，throat swabs，blood，urine samples were the mainl types.The conventional sterile specimen accounted for 30.6%.A total of 349 strains of bacteria were isolated，the total positive rate was 14.7%，and the positive rate was the highest in the secretions and urine samples.There were 222 strains （63.6%） from respiratory specimens，and 62 （17.8%） samples were obtained from urinary tract specimens.The pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae，Staphylococcus aureus，Mlicrococcus