HR悦读：养老金.docVIP

[2012.08.11] Pensions 养老金 | 中国特色社会保障制度 【导读】 中国有句古话叫欲速则不达。中国社保制度短短几年内达到很高的覆盖率，可覆盖率之下的质量呢？吵得沸沸扬扬的养老金入市呢？什么是养老金空头账户？为什么中国不能学习西方？Pensions养老金Social security with Chinese characteristics中国特色社会保障制度Congratulate China for building the foundations of a pension system so quickly. Now it needs to restructure it 祝贺中国如此迅速得建立起了养老金制度的基础。如今该制度需要重建。Aug 11th 2012 | from the print edition THE 18th-century Chinese emperor Qianlong made elaborate preparations for retirement. He commissioned an exquisite retreat in Beijing’s Forbidden City, complete with trompe l’oeil paintings and meditation cushions. Its name translates as the “Studio of Exhaustion from Diligent Service”. 18世纪的中国皇帝乾隆曾为自己的退位后的生活煞费苦心。他曾命人在北京紫禁城里打造一座奢华处所，怡养天年。这就是倦勤斋，屋内用通景画装饰，摆放了几个蒲团。倦勤斋意为“日理万机劳累之时的听戏【注1】消遣之地” Many elderly Chinese have shown equal diligence and felt similar exhaustion. But their retirements have been less gilded. In 2009 less than 30% of China’s adults were covered by the government’s pensions patchwork. The only cushion for most rural folk was their field and their family. 很多上了年纪的中国人同样辛勤劳动过，也有过相似的劳累感。但与乾隆相比，他们退休后的生活却并不那么滋润。2009年，中国政府的各类养老金计划拼凑起来所覆盖的成年人只占中国总成年人口的30%还不到。对大多数乡下人来说，他们年迈之后的唯一依靠就只剩自己的土地和亲人了。Since then, however, pensions have spread at extraordinary speed. Last week China’s national audit office reported that 622m people were now enrolled in one scheme or another: over 55% of adults. China’s new rural pension has added over 240m people in just two years—more than are covered by America’s Social Security (see article). The audit office says that China’s social-security system is now “basically” in place.That is an historic achievement. But “basic” is still the right word to describe Chinese pensions, which vary enormously between town and country, prosperous east and poorer west, private sector and public. In some rural counties the basic pension can be as low as 55 yuan (about $8.75) per month. 然而，从那以后养老金覆盖范围就以惊人的速度扩张。上周，中国国家审计署公布已有6.22亿人参与了至少一种养老金计划，覆盖超55%的成年人。仅两年时间，中国新推出的农