情态动词new.pptVIP

(六)情态动词 一、情态动词的基本用法 1.can (1)(表示能力)能……；会…… She can drive，but she can’t ride a bicycle. 【注】　could表示“原来具备某种能力，现在没有这种能力 了”，但was/were able to则表示过去成功地做成了某事。 I could swim all the way across the lake，but I can’t now. 我原来 能游过这个湖，但现在不能了。 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 大火很快蔓延了整个旅馆，但全体人员都脱离了危险。 (2)(表示可能、许可)能够……；可以…… “Can I use your telephone？”“Yes，of course you can.” You can’t park your car in this street. (3)【注】　can可作“有时候会……”解，意思是平时或大部分时间不是这样子，只是偶尔发生的事情。如： Jogging can be harmful to the health. 慢跑有时候会对身体健康有害。 Accidents can happen at home. 在家也有可能发生意外。 It can be hot in March in Chongqing. 在重庆三月份都有可能很热。 (4)(用于否定，疑问句中，表对具体事情的推测)(“可能”） It can’t be Tom. He is sleeping at home. Can the money be taken away by the clerk? (5)构成下列特殊句式： ①can not/can never...too...或cannot...enough “无论怎么……也不过分；越……越好；非常……”。 One cannot be too careful. 越认真越好。 I cannot thank you enough.我对你感激不尽。 ②cannot help doing.../ cannot help/choose but do.../cannot but do... “禁不住；不由得；不得不”。 I cannot help admire the picture whenever I look at it. When a close friend dies，you cannot but feel sad. 2.may (1)(表准许、请求)可以…… You may go home now，Susan.苏珊，你现在可以回家了。 May I have a word with you，please？我可以跟你说句话吗？ Yes, you may/can. (2)(表愿望、祝福)但愿；祝……。此时，句子要用倒装语序。 May you succeed！祝你成功！ (3)(用于目的状语从句中)为了；为了能够 He works hard so that he may get good grades. (4)(用于让步状语从句中)即使；无论 Whatever he may say，I don’t believe him. (5)构成句型：may/might as well do sth. “还是做某事的好；不妨去做某事” Since we’ve got nothing better to do，we might as well go for a walk.既然我们没什么更好的事情可做，我们不妨去散散步。 3.must (1)(表义务、必要性、命令)必须，得，要 “Must I wash the dishes at once？”“No，you needn’t.” “我得立刻洗这些盘子吗？”“不，不必。” Animals must eat to live.为了活下去，动物必须吃东西。 【注】　mustn’t表“禁止、不准”。 You mustn’t play with the knife；you may hurt yourself. 你不可玩刀子，你会把自己割伤的。 (2)(表必然性)必定 Everyone must die.每个人都必定会死。 (3)(表固执、不满等)偏偏；硬要；偏要 If you must know，I’m g