第八章 大学语音学教程Intruduction.pptVIP

English Phonetics Phonetics What is Phonetics? The Contents of Phonetics Introduction Part 1 Pronunciation Part 2 Rhythm Part 3 Intonation 3. The Branches of Phonetics In the case of oral languages there are three basic areas of study: 1.What do you know about Phonetics? 2. What do you wish when you begin to learn this subject ? 3. Would you like to speak English like this ? 4. How can you speak English like this ? Linguistics (语言学) Phonology音位学 Phonetics语音学 Lexicology词汇学 Syntax句法学 Grammar语法学 Semantics语义学 1.The Elements of a Language Introduction Pronunciation Vocabulary Grammar 2. What is Phonetics? Phonetics is a branch of linguistics, the scientific study of speech sounds, which are used by all human languages or a particular language to represent meanings. Articulatory phonetics Acoustic phonetics Auditory phonetics --The production --The physical transmission --The reception and perception 听觉语音学 声学语音学 发音语音学 4.Why phonetics is so important? “Without phonetics there can be no morphology of a spoken language, without intonation there can be no syntax, as Professor Firth declared. Professor A.C. Gimson also noted that “to speak any language a person must know nearly 100% of its phonetics, While only 50-90% of its grammar and 1% of the vocabulary may be sufficient.” (词语形态学) 句法学 5.Three component factors of Phonetics pronunciation， rhythm, and intonation 6. International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) 1) The Reason for IPA being devised: a.Difference between sound and spelling b. Unsuccessful effort to the spelling reform 2) The IPA being devised It is clear that one cannot depend on the spelling of words to describe the sounds of English, or of any other language. A special device was needed. Phonetic alphabet 7. What is IPA? In 1888, the International Phonetic Association (IPA) devised a phonetic alphabet, called The Internation