主谓语的一致性.docVIP

主谓语的一致性 语法一致、意义一致、就近原则 名词做主语的数 当句子的主语是可数名词时，谓语动词的数和主语的数相一致 His daughter lives in New York. His daughters live in New York. 注意：如果主语和谓语之间插入一个短语，这时候，谓语动词的数要同短语所修饰的主语相一致，这些短语对主语的单复数不构成任何影响。这样的词有as well as, together with, in the accompany of, accompanied by, besides, in additional to, including, except, but, like, unlike, rather than, no less than等等 当主语是物质名词时，因为物质名词一般是不可数的，不管其数量是多少，无论受a lot of, a great deal of, a little, little, much, too much, a great amount of等表示数量多少的词修饰，这个名词一概用作单数，因此，谓语动词也要用单数形式。 但当名词前有单位词修饰时，谓语动词的数要跟单位词的数一致——piece, bottle, set, sheet, loaf, bar等等 以-s结尾的名词的数 @1.英语中有些总是以复数形式出现的单词，如pants, trousers, jeans, scissors, scales, sunglasses, tongs , pliers, tweezers, surroundings, dregs, belongs, savings, earnings, wages, fireworks, goods, minutes, remains, arms, clothes，pincers, shorts, suspenders, archives, contents, eaves, morals, stairs, suburbs, thanks等，这样的名词做主语，谓语动词要用复数形式。 但如果有单位词修饰，则由单位词的单复数决定。 @2.如果是国家、机构的名称，谓语动词用单数形式;如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称，通常用作复数形式 @3如果是疾病、游戏、学科谓语动词用单数 Arthritis, bronchitis, rickets, mumps, diabetes等 Darts, marbles, cards等 Physics, mathematics, mechanics, optics, acoustics, politics, statistics, economics, linguistics, athletics, tactics等 单复数同形的名词的数 @1.如species, means, series, sheep, deer等，谓语动词根据上下文判断 @2.有些名族可以表示民族也可以表示语言，在表示民族时用复数，表示语言时用单数 集体名词的数 @1.police,people, cattle, militia, poultry, vermin, clergy, youth+复数 @2.foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise, baggage, information, evidence+单数 @3.audience, family, class, team , committee, club, government, board, crew, crowd, enemy, group, leadership, nation, orchestra, party, public, staff, jury+单数/复数 作主语的名词前有修饰语时 @1.and/both……and为复数意义+谓语动词复数形式；不是复数意义+谓语动词单数形式 Ham and eggs is a good breakfast. What I say and think are no business of yours. Every boy and every girl in this room is entitled to a copy. @2.every, each, either, neither, much, little, a little , whole+单数 Many, several, a few, few, a number of+复数 注意：many+复数 many a /more than one+单数 @3.all of, some of, mos