电大下载-语法-被动语态.ppt

被动语态 刘延 语态的作用/语态的选用 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明主语和谓语之间的关系。 如果主语是动作的执行者，谓语用主动语态。 例如：We clean the room every day. 如果主语是动作的承受者，或者说是动作的对象，谓语则是要用被动语态。 例如：The room is cleaned every day. 被动语态的各种形式 （1） 1) ?am/is/are +done eg：Im asked to take care of myself. eg：Football is played all over the world. 被动语态的各种形式 （2） 2）has /have been done? eg：This book has been translated into many foreign languages. eg：The prices of many goods have been cut again . 被动语态的各种形式 （3） 3）am/is /are being done? eg：A road is being built around the mountain. eg：Many new houses are being built in this city. 被动语态的各种形式 （4） 4）?was/were done? eg1：This house was built in 1958. eg2：His leg was broken in an accident. 被动语态的各种形式 （5） 5）?had been done eg1：A new school had been set up by the end of last year. eg2：When the anthem had been played the conference began. 被动语态的各种形式 （6） 6)?was/were being done? eg1： meeting was being held when I was there. eg2：We were being trained this time last year. 被动语态的各种形式 （7） 7)?shall/will be done eg1：More factories will be built in our city. eg2：He will be taken to hospital tomorrow. 被动语态的各种形式 （8） 8)?shall/will have been done? eg1：The project will have been completed before July. eg2：Your clothes shall have been made for you soon. 被动语态的各种形式 （9） 9)?should/would be done eg1：He told me that his new cloths would be made by his mother. 被动语态的各种形式 （10） 10)?should/would have been done? eg1：He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 主动形式表示被动意义 1）及物动词的不及物用法：主语通常是物，且有着某种内在的特点。句子简短，且一定有付词。 eg1：Some silks wash well. eg2：The pen writes smoothly. eg3：The poem reads fluently（流利地）. eg4：The shoes wear well（很耐穿）. eg5：The paper tears easily. 主动形式表示被动意义 2)否定句 eg1：The plays won`t act. eg2：His novels don`t sell. eg3：The door won`t open. 主动形式表示被动意义 3)某些日常用语，谓语是进行时态 eg1：The dinner is cooking. eg2：The cakes are baking（烘烤）. eg3：The book is printing. eg4：He paid all that was owing（欠的钱他都还了）. 主动形式表示被动意义 4）谓语是不及物动词或连系动词。 eg1：The flowers look