(Antonymy) 反义词.pptVIP

 Antonymy  商务英语二班 201321065 邹乐萍 Contents Definition Classification of antonym on the basis of 1) semantic contrast 2) morphological structure Features of antonym 4. Conclusion Antonymy Definition: oppositeness of meaning between words or the relation between the meanings of such words. Differentiating “antonymy” and “antonym”: While antonymy denotes the relation between the words opposite in meaning, antonym is a term used to call such words. Antonyms classified on the basis of semantic contrast Contrary terms Complementaries Converse antonym Multiple incompatibility Type 1: Contrary term(相反词） Contrary term show a type of oppositeness of meaning ,illustrated by such pairs as wide/narrow,old/young,big/small ,etc. Gradability(by Sapir) means that contraries can be placed at both extreme of a scale, between which there may be gradable lexical items. hot, warm, cool, cold beautiful, pretty, good-looking, plain, ugly Type 2: Complementaries (绝对反义词/互补反义词） 1. also called contradictory terms 2. a type of binary semantic opposition 3. the contrast is absolute 4. words entity cannot be both at once 5. non-gradable antonym dead-alive, male-female,true-false, single-married, approval-disapproval ,capable-incapable prefixes: dis- disappear, in- incapable, m- immature, un-unmoved il-illiterate, ir- irreversible Type 3: Converse antonym(相对反义词/关系反义词） Converse display a type of oppositeness of meaning, also called relational opposites, find especially in words concerning reciprocal social roles, spatial relational Such as： buy-sell, husband-wife Jack precedes Bill. Bill follows Jack. Multiple incompatibility(多项不相容词) A group of words that are incompatible with or opposite to each other in meaning, suc