(Book 1)英语写作4-6单元(195页)(2012.12.20).ppt

Shift: The social worker in the novel makes extensive plans to accomplish reforms, but all her efforts came to nothing. Consistent: The social worker in the novel makes extensive plans to accomplish reforms, but all her efforts come to nothing. 6.2.5 Unnecessary shifts in tense are caused by inattention rather than by theoretical mistakes on the writer’s part. Keep an eye open for them, especially if they become a recurring problem. P67 6.3 Unnecessary Shifts in Mood English verbs have three moods: the indicative, used to state facts or to narrate events; the subjunctive, used to express a wish, a condition, or a possibility, and the imperative, used to give commands. A sentence should end in the same mood with which it begins. If the opening mood is an order or command, the sentence is imperative and should not shift without good reason to the indicative mood. For example: P67 Shift: Pay your taxes and you should be honest. (The writer begins the sentence with the imperative mood and shifts to the indicative.) Correct: Pay your taxes and be honest. Shift: First, build a fire and you had better make the coffee. (The first clause is an order addressed in the imperative mood to an understood “you”. The second clause is a statement giving in the advice in the indicative mood.) Correct: First, build a fire and make the coffee. (The imperative mood is used throughout.) P67 The following examples illustrates the unnecessary shifts from the subjunctive to the indicative mood: Shift: If I were rich and she was single, I would marry her. (The writer is expressing a condition and should therefore use the subjunctive mood for both verbs in the cla