侵权法Torts.ppt

分析：某甲实施了破坏火车轨道，足以使火车颠覆的破坏活动，其行为构成破坏交通设施罪。其犯罪客体为交通运输方面的公共安全，客观方面为实施了盗窃行为，造成发生重大交通事故的威胁。犯罪主体某甲为完全刑事责任能力人。犯罪主观方面具有危害交通运输公共安全的间接故意。 Homicide Not all homicides are criminal. Justifiable homicide ——正当杀人 Excusable homicide ——可宽恕的杀人 Justifiable homicide Self-defense 正当防卫 Police officer ……to prevent the commission of a forcible felony 警察预防暴力性重罪 To prevent a dangerous felon escaping 防止危险的重罪犯逃跑 what is justifiable defense正当防卫的类型  If a person employs an act to stop an unlawful infringement for the purposes of avoiding the said infringement for the State‘s or the public interest or for his own or another person’s right of the person, property right or any other right, thus causing harm to the unlawful infringer, the said act shall be regarded as a justifiable defense and the said person shall not bear criminal responsibility. If a justifiable defense apparently exceeds the limits of necessity, thus causing a serious harm, the person involved shall bear criminal responsibility, but be given a mitigated(减轻、缓和） punishment or be exempt from（豁免） punishment.  If a person employs an act of defense to an immediate violent crime of committing physical assault, homicide, robbery, rape, kidnapping or any other crime seriously endangering the safety of another person, thus causing bodily injury or death to the unlawful infringer, the said act shall not be regarded as a defense that exceeds the limits of necessity, and the said person shall not bear criminal responsibility. 我国刑法第二十条 为了使国家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、财产和其他权利免受正在进行的不法侵害，而采取的制止不法侵害的行为，对不法侵害人造成损害的，属于正当防卫，不负刑事责任。 正当防卫明显超过必要限度造成重大损害的，应当负刑事责任，但是应当减轻或者免除处罚。 对正在进行行凶、杀人、抢劫、强奸、绑架以及其他严重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪，采取防卫行为，造成不法侵害人伤亡的，不属于防卫过当，不负刑事责任。 　　Justifiable defence is the act being exempted from crimes, namely, this act appears to cause damage to lawful rights and interests, but in essential it protects lawful rights and interests. Therefore, Common Law definitely prescribes that this act doesnt constitute crimes. 　　According to Criminal Law, an