呼吸系统及纵隔X线医.ppt

呼吸系统及纵隔;胸部有很好的自然对比，X线检查是首选的方法 CT也是重要的检查方法，它密度分辨率高，对小病变的发现、显示病变的细节优于胸片。增强扫描有利于血管病变的诊断、区别肺门增大的原因以及纵隔病变与心脏大血管的关系。HRCT扫描对弥漫性肺间质病变及支气管扩张有突出效果。三维重建还可获得支气管内镜类似的效果; MRI对纵隔肿瘤的定位、定性价值较大，根据流空效应有利于了解肿瘤与心脏大血管的关系 介入放射：支气管动脉栓塞和灌注术对控制肺部大出血、治疗肿瘤有重要作用。CT引导下穿剌活检术已广泛应用;正常X线表现;胸 廓;胸廓软组织;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;骨性胸廓;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;胸 膜;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;肺;肺 野;肺 门;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;肺门增大：血管增粗、肿块、淋巴结增大 肺门缩小：血管变细。 肺门移位：肺不张、大块纤维化牵拉。 肺门密度增高：炎症、水肿、肺门前后肿块;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;肺纹理;肺叶 由叶间裂分隔，右侧分为三叶，左侧为二叶。 肺段 肺段间无胸膜分隔 肺小叶、肺腺泡 肺小叶 呈多边形，周围有纤维小叶间隔，小叶中央为小叶细支气管及小叶动脉。小叶间隔内有静脉和淋巴管。肺小叶是最小解剖单位 肺腺泡 小叶支气管分出3~5支终末细支气管，它以远的肺结构称为腺泡;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyri