2010_09血液系统疾病.ppt

血液系统疾病 Blood system disease Features Of Hematopoiesis And Blood In Children，Nutritional Anemia 小儿造血、血像特点、营养性贫血 Abstract Features Of Hematopoiesis And Blood In Children Anemia In Children—General Introduction Nutritional iron deficiency anemia(IDA) Nutritional Megaloblastic Anemia purpose To understand features of hematopoiesis and blood in children To comprehend clinical features, diagnosis and therapy of anemia. To understand the definition, grade division and classification of anemia in children. To master etiology, pathogenosis, diagnosis, therapy and prevention of nutritional iron deficiency anemia and nutritional megaloblastic anemia. Features of hematopoiesis in children 小儿造血特点 Features of hematopoiesis in children 一、Hematopoiesis in fetal period（胎儿期造血） Developmental hematopoiesis occurs in three anatomic stages—mesoblastic（中胚层）, hepatic（肝）, and myeloid（骨髓）. Time of Hematopoiesis Blood cell Features of Hematopoiesis in children 二、Hematopoiesis after birth Hematopoesis in bone marrow Extramedullary hematopoiesis （骨髓外造血） Hematopoesis in bone marrow red bone marrow（红骨髓）： in infant and toddler period Yellow bone marrow（黄骨髓）：after 5~7y, 潜在造血功能 Hematopoesis in bone marrow Yellow bone marrow（黄骨髓） can come back to red bone marrow（红骨髓）when hematopoetic need increases Yellow bone marrow is deficiency in children, especially in infant and toddler period Extramedullary hemopoiesis（髓外造血） When hematopoietic demand increases, liver, spleen and lymph nodes come back to the status to produce blood cells hepatomegaly（肝肿大） and splenomegaly（脾肿大） appears and maybe there are immature erythrocytes and granulocytes in circulating blood Extramedullary hemopoiesis is the specific phenomena only appearing in infant and toddler Extramedullary hemopoiesis（髓外造血） 年龄：in infant and toddler 病因： When hematopoietic demand increases. E.g. anemia（贫血） 造血部位： liver, spleen and lymph nodes come back to the status to produce blood cells 体征： hepatomegaly（肝肿大） and splenomegaly（脾