发展中国家在国际贸易中创建竞争优势的途径.doc

 Abstract The developing countries lie in a disadvantage position in the competition of international trade. The absolute advantages and comparative advantages developing countries hold are limited in many situations. Most of those absolute advantages are fungible or lack of necessity in daily life. As time going on, the absolute advantages and comparative advantages of developing countries may change to many situations. It is essential for the developing countries to find new ways of creating comparative advantages and making good use of these advantages. Based on the developing countries’ circumstances in the international trade, the paper gives some advices on establish competitive trade advantages for developing countries. But the basic of establish the advantages is to make good use of the competitive advantages develop countries hold. To accumulate technology and skills in certain fields, so as to set up partial competition advantage in international trade, and hence transform the current configuration. Developing countries should search for other new ways of trade such as service trade. Key words: developing countries; international trade; competitive advantages 摘 要 发展中国家具有绝对优势或比较优势的产品中，大部分是初级产品和劳动密集型产品，这些产品或是可替代性高，或是生产和生活必需性较弱，或是价格比较低廉，种种原因导致发展中国家在贸易关系中大多处于不利地位，而随着时间的推移和经济发展水平的提高以及人力资源与自然资源的利用与更新，发展中国家的比较优势也会不断地发生变化。及时发现新的比较优势并有意识地加以引导和利用是发展中国家实现经济发展的重要基础和前提。发展中国家必须根据经济全球化的内在要求和时代特征，积极参与，才能够抓住经济全球化所提供的机会。 发展中国家应当重新审视其基本国情，确定其发展模式和主导产业的合理性的发展途径。发展中国家只有直视其发展中存在的缺陷，充分利用其比较优势,把其比较势转化为竞争优势，运用科技发展高技术产品和多样化产品，运用科技和创新争取向国际产业链的高端发展，拓宽贸易渠道，发展国际服务贸易等新兴贸易以获取更大的利益。积极实施市场多元化战略，构建均衡合理的全球市场格局面对国内外经贸形势的发展和变化，应以开放的、经济全球化的新理念，重新审视和调整原有的市场多元化战略。 关键词：发展中国家；国际贸易；竞争优势；比较优势  目录 前言 ......................................................................................................................................... 1 一、发展中国家在国际贸易中的贸易现状...........................................................................2 二、发展中国家在国际贸易中创建竞争优势的途径及其在发展过程中存在的问