炼油基础(国外英文资料).docVIP

炼油基础(国外英文资料) The foundation of petroleum refining The general nature and chemical composition of oil The general properties of the first oil The reason why oil is so different is because they contain different amounts of gelatin and asphalt. The more glial and tar content, the darker the oil. The relative density of oil depends on the amount of heavy distillate, colloid, and asphalt in oil. The relative density of oil is large, whereas the relative density is small. Because oil contains different amounts of sulfide, oil has a different degree of smell. The flow of oil depends largely on the amount of wax in the oil. (judgment) a liquid state in a liquid state with a small amount of wax, which can flow; With high wax content, it is solid or semi-solid under normal temperature. Section 2 petroleum fractionation and distillate A product that is divided by a certain boiling point is called a distillate. The distillate, which is derived from direct fractionation of crude oil, is called a straight distillate. Section 3 elements of oil The main elements that make up oil are carbon and hydrogen. Oil also contains elements such as sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen. It also found traces of metal and non-metallic elements in oil. Section 4 hydrocarbons of oil The main components of oil are hydrocarbons, which contain alkanes, naphthene and aromatic hydrocarbons in natural petroleum, and generally do not contain an ene diameter. An alkane in oil Gaseous alkane (1) at room temperature, from C1 to C4 is gaseous, they are the main components of gas and refinery gas. (2) if the gas contains less than 100 grams of gas per cubic meter of gas, it is called lean. More than 100 grams of gas is said to be rich. 2. Liquid paraffin (1) at room temperature, C5 ~ C15 alkane is liquid, 3. Solid paraffin (1) at room temperature, C16 and higher alkanes are solid. (2) according to their different crystal shape, can be divided into two kinds, one kind is crystallization is larger, the tabular crystal