az31镁合金板坯边部预制凸度轧制工艺研究.docx

中 文 摘 要以镁合金为代表特性的轻量化材料具有优良的综合力学性能和使用性价比，可以满足航空航天、轨道交通和汽车等工业轻量化需要的基本条件，已经越来越成为国民经济各个行业发展的迫切需要。但其在常规轧制过程中极易形成边裂，边裂已经成为限制镁合金板材广泛范围应用的一个重要影响因素，更是大大降低了轧制产品的成材率。本文中分别以压下量10%，15%，20%，25%，30%，35%，40%和45%对初始厚度为7mm的AZ31镁合金板材进行了轧制过程数值模拟以及实验研究。研究结果表明，当单道次压下量达到20%时，板材边部将有裂纹萌生，并且边部裂纹深度随着压下量的增大而不断增大，由20%时5240μm的边部裂纹深度增加到压下量45%的14056μm；建立了边部裂纹深度预判模型；对于裂纹深度，轧制实验实测值和所建立的裂纹深度预判模型的计算值之间的平均误差为9.23%。同时针对不同初始厚度的板坯，对立辊侧压预变形轧制过程进行有限元模拟分析，并建立了板厚10mm，15mm，20mm在不同侧压量条件下的边部凸起轮廓数学模型。结果表明立辊侧压预变形后再进行平辊轧制可以减小镁合金板坯的损伤。对镁合金板坯采用立辊侧压预变形轧制工艺可实现大压下轧制；随着立辊侧压量的增大，大压下平轧后的最大损伤值反而减小，但侧压量小于板坯初始厚度为宜。根据实际条件，采用边部预制凸度轧制方法对铸态AZ31镁合金板材轧制边裂的控制效应进行实验研究。根据初始厚度为10mm的板坯在立辊侧压量分别为2 mm，3 mm，4mm下所得到的凸起轮廓数学模型，对试样进行边部预制凸度轧制实验。实验结果表明边部预制凸度轧制工艺可有效控制铸态AZ31镁合金板坯轧制过程中的边裂；边部预制凸度试样轧制边裂的产生与轧件边部和中部压下率之差有关；在轧制温度450℃、轧制速度0.2m/s条件下，压下量只差的最佳取值为15.2%；当预制凸度后第一道次的压下量为10%时，预制凸度量为4.1mm的试样经过5道次累计压下率达到77%轧制后也无边裂产生。关键词：AZ31镁合金；数值模拟；边裂；预制凸度轧制ABSTRACTMagnesium alloy, as the representative of the lightweight materials characteristics can meet the basic requirements of aerospace, rail transportation and automotive industry. However, from the current actual situation of industrial production, magnesium alloy is easy to form edge crack and lower formability limits the wider application range of magnesium alloys. Edge crack is greatly reduced the yield of rolling products of magnesium alloy.In this study, the numerical simulation of rolling process and experimental verification was carried out at 500℃ temperature of as-cast the AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet with initial thickness of 7mm. The reduction was 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40% and 45%, respectively.The results show that the edge crack was occurred when the single pass reduction up to 20%. The edge crack depth has increased from 5240 μm of 20% reduction to 14056 μm of 45% in current rolling condition. According to numerical simulation results, the damage distribution along the width of the plate was obtained. And we have established the prediction model of edge crack depth. For the edge crack