R语言-dataframe.pdfVIP

dataframe is about datasets containing different data types instead of only one.由于不同的列可以包含不同模式（数值型、字符型等）的数据，数据框的概念 较矩阵来说更为一般。由于数据有多种模式，无法将此数据集放入一个矩阵。在这种情况 下，使用数据框是最佳选择。 #head,tail分别显示mtcars的前几行和后几行，使我们对数据有个大概的了解 head(mtcars) tail(mtcars) str(mtcars) ● For a data frame it tells you: ○ The total number of observations (e.g. 32 car types) ○ The total number of variables (e.g. 11 car features) ○ A full list of the variables names (e.g. mpg, cyl ... ) ○ The data type of each variable (e.g. num for car features) ○ The first observations #创建一个dataframe mydataframe - dataframe(col1,col2,col3,) planets - c(Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) type - c(Terrestrial planet, Terrestrial planet, Terrestrial planet, Terrestrial planet, Gass giant, Gass giant, Gass giant, Gass giant) diameter - c(0.382, 0.949, 1, 0.532, 11.209, 9.449, 4.007, 3.883) rotation - c(58.64, -243.02, 1, 1.03, 0.41, 0.43, -0.72, 0.67) rings - c(FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE) # Create the data frame: planets.df - data.frame(planets,type,diameter,rotation,rings) planets.df planets.df planets type diameter rotation rings 1 Mercury Terrestrial planet 0.382 58.64 FALSE 2 Venus Terrestrial planet 0.949 -243.02 FALSE 3 Earth Terrestrial planet 1.000 1.00 FALSE 4 Mars Terrestrial planet 0.532 1.03 FALSE 5 Jupiter Gass giant 11.209 0.41 TRUE 6 Saturn Gass giant 9.449 0.43 TRUE 7 Uranus Gass giant 4.007 -0.72 TRUE 8 Neptune Gass giant 3.883 0.67 TRUE str(planets.df) data.frame: 8 obs. of 5 variables: $ planets : Factor w/ 8 levels Earth,Jupiter,..: 4 8 1 3 2 6 7 5 $ type : Factor w/ 2 levels Gass giant,Terrestrial planet: 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 $ diameter: num 0.382 0.