Lecture7-英语专业学习《英语词汇学》课件.pptVIP

Lecture 7 Word Meaning(词的意义) 讲授题目：Word Meaning 所属章节：《现代英语词汇学概论》之第5章 计划学时：2 periods 教学方法：传统讲授法 参考资料：《英语词汇学教程》、《英语词汇学》 教学目的和要求：通过本单元的学习，让学生对词的意 义、词义的理据和词义的类别等知识 有基本的了解和认识。 Lecture 7 Word Meaning 教学重点： ① Some basic notions: meaning , reference, concept and motivation; ② Semantic triangle; ③ Four types of motivations ④ Classification of word meaning 教学难点： ① Four types of motivations ② Classification of word meaning Lecture 7 Word Meaning In the previous lecture, we touched upon the concept of word meaning. We know that a word is the combination of form and meaning. By form we mean both its pronunciation and spelling. Meaning is what the form stands for. Lecture 7 Word Meaning There are some related concepts which need further explanation. In addition, we shall discuss different types of meaning in this lecture. 1. Meaning “Meaning” refers to the association of language symbols with the real world. 1. Meaning —“意义”指的是语言符号与客观世界的一种关联。客观事物反映在人脑中，产生感觉(sensation)、知觉(perception)、表象(representation)；人脑把三者加以概括和抽象，形成概念(concept)。人用语言形式把概念固定下来，成为人们交流思想的符号(sign)，这就是有一定意义的词。也就是说，词的意义是“人”赋予的。英国语言学家--Eric Partridge (帕特里奇)说过，“Words have no meaning; people have meaning for them” （词本无义，人赋予之）。 Word meaning 2. Referent----referent is the object, etc. , in the world of existence. 3.Concept Concept which is beyond language is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind. It is universal to all men alike regardless of culture, race, language and so on. The same concept can be expressed in different words. 3.Concept —— 概念是指语言以外的东西，是人类认识的结果，是客观事实在人脑中的反映。概念对所有人类都一样，没有文化、种族、语言等方面的区别，而意义只属于语言，所以仅限于语言的使用中。（因此，一个概念在世界上有多少种语言就有多少种不同的表达法。） 4. Sense (语义/意思) ‘Sense’ denotes the relationships inside the language. The sense of an expression is not a thing, it is an abstraction. Every word that has meaning has sense (not every word has referent). For example, probable, nearly, if, but, yes, none of which refer to