2--医学信号测量的傅纳扰噪声.ppt

二、生物信息测量中的噪声和干扰;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;医疗仪器设计;生理信号测量中问题;;被测信号微弱 人体是良导体，目标大,易受电磁干扰 人体系统的复杂性，易受其他系统干扰 仪器内部干扰和噪声;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;第一节、人体电子测量中的干扰;① 电场干扰： 工频（50Hz）电场的干扰（周围电源）。 ② 磁场干扰： 变压器、电动机和荧光灯的镇流器周围产生的交流磁场（线圈） ③ 高频电磁场干扰： 空中的电磁波, 通过测量系统与人体连接的导线引入。 人体内部信号干扰 EMG等 ;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;(a)50Hz工频电场干扰 (b)磁场干扰;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;胎儿心电（uv级）;传导耦合;公共阻抗干扰;电场、磁场、电磁场耦合;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.; 大功率的高频电气设备，广播、电视、通信发射台等，不断地向外发射电磁波。智能仪器若置于这种发射场中就会感应到与发射电磁场成正比的感应电势，这种感应电势进入电路就形成干扰 ;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;电场耦合（容性）;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;当R很大;克服方法;露出来的短, C很小，则U2s小;vA-vB = id1Z1- id2Z2 = id1(Z1 - Z2);Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;220 V;通过高共模抑制比运算放大器消除;;克服方法：;假设感应侧与被感应侧位置水平对应 假设感应侧产生的磁场变大，反之右手定则电流反向;图1为假设每个环路的感生电动势方向，则相邻的抵消 图2为假设的每个小段的感生电动势方向，则相邻的抵消。 ;磁场感性干扰;二、合理接地与屏蔽; 一、合理接地;1、工作接地;接地是指：各种信号地与电源地的连接;高频信号导致阻抗增加，要多点接地，线要短， 地线大面积铜皮;高频电路特点;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;电源地;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3