2013中图版选修2《厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜现象1.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Correlations with the SO index (SOI) (based on normalised Tahiti minus Darwin sea level pressures) for annual (May to April) means for sea level pressure (top left) and surface temperature (top right) for 1958–2004, and GPCP precipitation for 1979–2003 (bottom left) updated from Trenberth and Caron (2000). The Darwin-based SOI from 1866–2004 (K?nnen et al 1998) (lower right) features seasonal values with an 11-point low frequency filter, which effectively removes fluctuations with periods of less than 8 months (Trenberth, 1984). The heavy line represents a l