不定式 新概念语法精讲.ppt

afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, care, choose, claim, come, consent, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, elect, endeavor expect, fail, get, guarantee, hate, help, hesitate hope, hurry, intend, learn, long, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise refuse, say, seem, tend, threaten, want, wish The following verbs are normally followed by V-ing. 　 avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can’t help The following verbs are normally followed by V-ing or the infinitive. love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, start 几对易混淆的词组： stop to do sth. 停止去做某事 doing sth.停止正在做．．． forget to do sth.　忘记去做．．． doing sth.　忘记已做了．．． remember to do sth.　记得去做．．． doing sth.　记得曾经做．．． * 不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。 不定式 结构 : to do (否定) not/never to do 二. 时态与语态 完成进行式 完成式 进行式 一般式 被动语态 主动语态 不定式 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing ---------- ---------- (1).They pretended not to see us. (2). He pretended to be sleeping. (3).She pretended to have known it before. (一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎/发生在它之后.) (在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行) (完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前) (4).We’re happy to have been working with you. (完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续) 1. 作主语 2. 作宾语 3. 作宾语补足语 4. 作定语 5. 作状语 6. 作表语 7. 作独立成分 8. 与疑问词等连用 三. 用法/ 功能 To see is to believe. It’s important to learn English well . (1). 主语 单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数 若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式置后. My job to help the patient. Your task to clean the classroom. is is (2). 表语 I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. I found it necessary to talk to him again. (3) 宾语 think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do 常用动词不定式作