乙脑参赛英语幻灯2010-9-14.pptVIP

Japanese encephalitis Capital Medical University, Beijing You an Hospital Zhou Li, M.D What’s wrong with them? Introduction Japanese encephalitis is an acute infectious disease of central nervous system, caused by mosquito-borne Japanese encephalitis virus. Its presentations include high fever, confusion or coma, convulsion, pathological reflex and meningeal irritation. Fatality is about 25-30%. 10% result in permanent neuropsychiatric sequelae. Epidemiology Sources of infection Route of transmission Susceptible population Epidemiological feature Sources of infection Human beings and animals are both sources of infection—zoonosis Humans are not the main source of infection（viremia＜5 days） Pigs are the primary amplifying host—high infective rate, long time viremia, large feeding area Other domestic animals?and water birds can also be amplifying host Route of transmission: Bite of infected mosquitoes most important vector—Culex mosquitoes Natural cycle of JEV Susceptible population zoonosis Susceptible population Humans are generally susceptible, most infections are asymptomatic which confer life-long immunity In endemic areas, children have the highest attack rates (high risk age：2-6 years old) In endemic areas, attack rates of adults (including the aged) are increasing in recent years Epidemiological feature Most prevalent in Southeast Asia and Western pacific rigion Most cases in temperate and subtropical areas occur from June to September, while in tropical areas occur throughout the year Globally, more than 45,000 cases and more than 10,000 deaths are reported each year Prophylaxis Source of infection Susceptible population transmission Control the source Block transmission Enhance immunity Vaccination Mosquitoes control Swine management Summary (1) Where?--most prevalent in Southeast Asia and the Far East Who?--children have the highest attack rates (in endemic areas) When?--most cases in temperate and subtropical areas occur from June