急性化脓性中耳炎的.pptVIP

急性化脓性中耳炎  Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 概念 病因 病理 临床表现 鉴别诊断 治疗 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 概念 （1）中耳炎指 中耳腔、咽鼓管、乳突的炎症　　 急性化脓性中耳炎指中耳粘膜的急性化脓性炎症，病变主要位于鼓室。　　 （2）起病急、病程短，病程3w，而慢性中耳炎3m　　 　 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 概念 （3）病理：中耳粘膜多形核白细胞侵润 +普通急性炎症的特征 慢性中耳炎：中耳粘、骨膜圆细胞侵润+普通慢性炎症的特征 好发于儿童。本病多见于冬春季节，多继发于上呼吸道感染。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 【病因】 主要致病菌为肺炎球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、 溶血性链球菌、葡萄球菌等。 感染主要通过3种途径： 　 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1．咽鼓管途径最常见 （1）急性上呼吸道感染：细菌经咽鼓管侵入中耳，引起感染。 （2）急性传染病：如猩红热、麻疹、百日咳等，可通过咽鼓管途径并发本病；急性化脓性中耳炎亦可为上述传染病的局部表现。此型病变常深达骨质，酿成严重的坏死性病变。　　 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1．咽鼓管途径最常见 （3）在污水中游泳或跳水，不适当的咽鼓管 吹张、擤鼻或鼻腔治疗等，细菌循咽 鼓管侵入中耳。 （4）婴幼儿因其咽鼓管的解剖生理特点， 更易经此途径引起中耳感染。哺乳位置 不当，如平卧吮奶，乳汁可经咽鼓管流 入中耳。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2．外耳道鼓膜途径 不符合无菌操作的鼓膜穿刺、鼓室置管， 鼓膜外伤，致病菌由外耳道直接侵入中 耳。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2