英语语法8.分词.ppt

分词的时态 分词作定语 分词作宾语补足语 分词作状语 分词的独立主格 1）一般式(doing)表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生 Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.　 Arriving there, they found the boy dead. 2）完成式(having done)表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生 Having finished his homework, he went out.=As he had finished his homework, he went out. Having studied in the university for four years, he knows the place very well.  The secretary worked late into the night, ___a long speech for the president. A. to prepare　 B. preparing　 C. prepared　 D. was preparing 　 ___ a reply, he decided to write again.　 A. Not receiving　　 B. Receiving not　 C. Not having received　 D. Having not received　　 （一）作定语 1.现在分词单独作定语(通常放在所修饰词前 ) coming week?? 下周?????????????????????? running water 自来水 flying fish 飞鱼 比较： sleeping child?? 酣睡的孩子??? sleeping car?????????????? 区分作定语的现在分词和动名词 现在分词做定语表修饰名词的动作(即与名词有主谓关系)；动名词表示名词的功能，作用，目的等。 sleeping beauty sleeping-car the waiting rooms the waiting crowd swimming pool swimming boy the working class running shoes living language living standard 2. 现在分词短语作定语 放在所修饰词的后面，意思同定语从句差不多 Do you know the woman (who is) talking to Tom? The girl standing there(=who is standing there) is my sister  （二）作表语 现在分词作表语多表示主语的特征。而且主语多为物 过去分词表示主语的感受或状态，主语多为人。 The film “Pearl Harbor” is really exciting. I am excited about it. His response to the question was quite disappointing. I felt disappointed at his response. 分词作定语 We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight. After a night spent in excitement and sleeplessness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day. As early as 1649 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town ____50 households or more. A) having?? B) to have?? ? C) to have had?? D) having had (三）分词作宾语补足语 1. 感官动词 see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find, glimpse, glance On the top of the hill, we could see sm