长期施肥对华北平原潮土作物产量及稳定性的影响 - 生物通.doc

长期华北平原潮土作物产量及稳定性and Stability MEN Ming-xin, LI Xin-wang, XU Hao (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071001, Hebei) Abstract: 【Objective】Yield responsend its stability were studied in fluvo-aquic soil of North China Plain, and the result has provided a theoretical basis for high yield, stable production, high efficiency and sustainable development of grain production in field blocks scale.【Method】 The different fertilization treatments and Multi-type Stability Index were adopted in long-term experiment for study of yield response and its stability.【Result】 7-year fertilization experiment was carried out to study crop responses and yield stability in fluvo-aquic soil, North China Plain. The data indicated that for wheat the 7-year mean yields ratio of CK, P2K2, N2K2 and N2P2 treatments to N2P2K2 were 25.5%, 34.5%, 43.3%, 83.2%, and for maize 42.3%, 52.7%, 70.6% and 76.2%. N supply capacity of soil in the absence of N fertilizer declined to 59% of the original in the first investigated year, and down to 43% in the second year, and then fluctuated around 40% in the followed years, and without P fertilizer application, soil P supply capacity decreased to 72% in the first year, and down to 55% in the third year, after fluctuated around 55%. Finally, K supply capacity changed from 93% in the first year down to 76% in the third year of the experiment without K fertilizers. The best yield stability of wheat, maize and annual yield were the treatments of N1P2K2, N2P2K2 and N1P2K2.【Conclusion】There were significant correlations between fertilization amount and yield response, between proportion of N, P, K and yield stability, but no obvious relationship between fertilization amount and yield stability. Key words: North China Plain; Fluvo-aquic soil; Yield response; Yield stability; Long-term experiment 0 引言 【研究意义】农田生态系统的高产稳产高效环境友好是国家粮食安全与可持续发展的关键。但在现实农业生产中，土壤养分、肥料等资源利用方面仍存在许多不合理现象，如偏施氮磷肥，而钾肥使用不足，有机肥使用减少等，造成养分资源的浪费，