采矿工程毕业翻译.docx

2013 届毕业文献翻译题 目 文献翻译 专业班级 采矿工程 学 号 x学生姓名 刘xx指导教师 张电吉指导教师职称 教授 学院名称 环境与城市建设学院 完成日期： 2013 年 6 月 日Room and pillar Mining MethodsBullock(1982a),quotingprevious data, showed that room and pillar mining together with stope and pillar mining accounted for most of the underground mining in the United States. He estimated that 60% of noncoalminerals (about 80 million tons or 70 Mt) and 90% of coal ( about 290 million tons or 260 Mt) were obtained by room and pillar methods, and it is unlikely that things are radically different today. The method is cheap, highly productive, easily mechanized, and relatively simple to design.The room and pillar mining method (Fig.5. 2) is a type of open stoping used in near horizontal deposits in reasonably competent rock, where the roof is supported primarily by pillars. Ore is extracted from rectangular shaped rooms or entries in the ore body, leaving parts of the ore between the entries as pillars to support the hanging wall or roof. The pillars are arranged in a regular pattern, or grid, to simplify planning and operation. They can be any shape but are usually square or rectangular. The dimensions of the rooms and pillars depend on many design factors. These include the stability of the hanging wall and the strength of the ore in the pillars, the thickness of the deposit, and the depth of mining. The objective of design is to extract the maximum amount of ore that is compatible with safe working conditions. The ore left in the pillars is usually regarded as irrecoverable or recoverable only with backfill in noncoalmines.applications of pillar mining have been discussed by Hamrin ( 1982) and Hittman( Anon. . 1976) among others. Suitable conditions include ore that are horizontal or have a dip of less than 30°. A major requirement is that the hanging wall is relatively competent over a short period of time, or is capable of support by rock bolts that a