【宋祉慧】制冷专业英语.pptVIP

* How does air conditioning become ‘needed’? A case study of routes rationales and dynamics. * In the UK, air conditioning is becoming increasingly common in non-domestic buildings. From an energy and carbon perspective this is problematic. Identifying methods of preventing further reliance on air conditioning depends on understanding where and why it is being used. We draw on an analysis of the introduction of cooling in one complex case study site – a hospital in the north of the UK – to explore the processes of change involved. CONTEXT ABSTRACT * * We find that the spread of air conditioning is an outcome of repeated moments at which multiple, situated forms of need become established. We argue that the various entry points in processes of building design, refurbishment, reuse and thermal system ‘repair’ are caught up in wider changes in the institutional context and working practices of the hospital. The use and reuse of internal space, increased reliance on heat emitting and heat sensitive technology and intense pressure to meet operational targets come together to create specific conjunctions in which air conditioning is seen to be necessary. FINDING ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Identifying methods of reducing and preventing further reliance on air conditioning depends on understanding the dynamic processes that are involved. Explanations for the diffusion of technologies are many and varied, but often seek to model processes of change using a limited set of macro level variables. For air conditioning, such analyses have generally centered on the interrelation between climate and afford-ability . This approach sustains the view that in hot climates further air conditioning is simply inevitable, disregarding potentially important differences of history, culture and context. However ,whilst it is true that the cost of installing mechanical cooling has fallen, in the UK outdoor temperatures have not risen dramatically to somehow move