基于单片机的烟雾报警器.doc

2015届本科生毕业设计 作 者 姓 名： 学 号： 学 院： 专 业： 指导教师姓名： 指导教师职称： 摘 要 社会的发展，楼层也越来越高，防火问题越来越大，但是目前国内的许多研发都针对于大型商场的火灾报警。所以，我研制一种结构简单、经济实用的家庭烟雾报警器以适应市场的需求，是非常可行的。基于单片机的烟雾报警器应该具备的基本烟雾报警功能。 本设计以传感器和单片机作为烟雾报警器设计的核心器件，配合其它器件即可实现声光报警、自动排烟换气和消防灭火等功能。设计中单片机选用ATC89C52作为控制器件，传感器选用MQ-2型半导体可燃气体敏感元件烟雾传感器实现烟雾的检测。烟雾报警器主要由烟雾信号采集及前置放大电路、模数转换电路、单片机控制电路、显示电路、声光报警电路和安全保护电路构成，设计完整、简单完美、价格低，使单片机在烟雾报警系统的控制中得到充分应用，具有一定的市场价值。论文主要针对烟雾报警系统中的各个组成部分及功能进行了详细的介绍和说明，并对其主控电路和外围设备电路之间的接口连接方式，以及系统软件设计进行了重点的分析和讲解。 关键字：传感器； 单片机； 烟雾报警器 ABSTRACT The development of the society, more and more is also high floor, fire prevention problem is more and more big, but the current domestic research and development of many of the large shopping malls in fire alarm. So, I developed a kind of simple structure, economical and practical household smoke alarm to adapt to the demand of the market, it is very feasible. Based on single chip microcomputer of smoke alarm should have the basic smoke alarm function. This design by sensor and single chip microcomputer as core components of smoke alarm design, in combination with other devices can be realized sound and light alarm, automatic exhaust ventilation and fire extinguishing, and other functions. In the design of single chip microcomputer ATC89C52 chosen as the control device, sensor selection MQ - 2 type semiconductor gas sensitive element smoke sensor realizes the smoke detection. Smoke alarm is mainly composed of smoke signal acquisition and circuit, analog-to-digital conversion circuit, single-chip microcomputer control circuit, display circuit, sound and light alarm circuit and safety protection circuit, reasonable design, simple and easy to understand, the price is low, make SCM are fully applied in the smoke alarm system control, has a certain practical value. Thesis mainly to the various components of the