氧化石墨烯的制备及其对聚氨酯材料的改性分析.pdfVIP

量 1.0 wt ﹪时，吸湿率、孔隙率和透湿量最高，与纯PU 微孔膜相比，吸湿率增 加了 466.4 ﹪，孔隙率增加了 153.4 ﹪，透湿量增加了 153.5 ﹪。此外，在加入 0.1 wt ﹪的 GOs 时，孔隙率和透湿量也很高，此时PU 微孔膜的力学性能最好， 通透性也较高，满足了微孔膜通透性能提高的同时维持了微孔膜良好的力学性 能；GOs 能显著改善 PU 微孔膜的耐热、耐紫外线老化性能，当 GOs 含量为 0.1 wt ﹪时，微孔膜的耐老化性能最好。GOs 对 WPU 膜和 PU 微孔膜的导电性能影 响不显著，GOs 几乎不导电，只有将 GOs 还原成为石墨烯，探讨其改性聚氨酯 的导电性才有意义。总的来说，GOs 对聚氨酯材料整体综合性能的提高最显著， 酸化 CNTs 次之，CNT 最差，几乎不起改善作用。 皮革涂饰应用实验表明：GOs 的加入可以显著改善涂饰皮革的耐摩耗性能； 经购买的 WPU 及自制涂饰剂涂饰后的革样均具有一定的耐折牢度，耐干擦等级 都能达到 4.5 级，除 GOs 添加量 1.0 wt ﹪的WPU 涂层耐折牢度与纯 WPU 涂层 的平齐外，其余经 GOs 改性的皮革涂层的耐折牢度均优于未改性的皮革涂层； 当 GOs 添加量≤0.6 wt ﹪时，改性涂层的耐湿擦等级亦能达到 4.0/3.5 级，优于 未改性的 WPU 涂层。 关键词：氧化石墨烯；制备；聚氨酯材料；改性；应用 II Abstract In China, the graphite mineral resources are rich and excellent, and have the largest yields and exports in the world. However, the deep processing technology of graphite falls behind. The research and development efforts for improving the added values of graphite products are extremely urgent. The graphene has many excellent properties of both graphite and carbon nanotubes, expected to be a new high-performance nano-enhanced body to improve the performance of polymer composites, thus expanding their application areas. Using the graphite to prepare graphene oxide sheets (GOs) is considered to be the strategic point of producing graphene on a large -scale. The graphene oxide has the advantages of higher specific surface energy, good hydrophilic and mechanical properties, yet owns excellent reflection and absorption abilities to the light and radiation. Besides, the graphene oxide can be well dispersed in water and some other polar organic solvents, and most