Tc1Mariner转座子超家族的研究进展.PDF

Hereditas (Beijing) 2017 年 1 月, 39(1): 1 ―13 综 述 Tc1/Mariner 转座子超家族的研究进展 沈丹，陈才，王赛赛，陈伟，高波，宋成义 扬州大学农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室，扬州大学动物科学与技术学院，扬州 225009 摘要 : 随着高通量测序技术的迅猛发展，越来越多的生物基因组注释结果表明：转座子几乎存在于所有生物的 基因组中，是大多数生物基因组的重要组分。其中，Tc1/Mariner 转座子是自然界中分布最广泛的一类DNA 转 座子超家族，在自然界已经发现 14 个有活性的 Tc1/Mariner 转座子(如Minos ，Mos1 等) ，另外通过分子重构也 获得高活性的人工转座子，如睡美人转座子(Sleeping Beauty, SB) 。SB 和Mos1 等转座子作为基因转移载体已被 广泛应用于转基因、基因捕获和基因治疗等领域的研究中，并取得了很好的应用效果。本文将重点综述 Tc1/Mariner 转座子的结构、分类、分布、转座机制、活性转座子的挖掘，及其在转基因、基因捕获和基因治 疗等研究领域的应用。 关键词 : Tc1/Mariner 转座子；转基因；基因治疗；基因捕获 Research progress of Tc1/Mariner superfamily Dan Shen, Cai Chen, Saisai Wang, Wei Chen, Bo Gao, Chengyi Song Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri -product Safety, College of Animal Science Technology, Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009, China Abstract : With the rapid improvement of sequencing techniques, more and more genome annotations reveal the transposons are the important components of most genomes and present on almost all organisms. Among them, the Tc1/Mariner superfamily represents the most widespread DNA transposons. Until now, fourteen active Tc1/Mariner transposons (Minos , Mos1 , etc.) have been identified and some highly active artificial transposons have been created through molecular reconstruction, such as Sleeping Beauty (SB). The transposons such as SB and Mos1 have been widely used as gene transfer vectors in the fields of transgenosis, gene trapping and gene therapy. In this review, we summarize the structure, classification, distributions, transposition mechanism and excavations of active members of Tc1/Mariner as well as its application in the fields of transgenesis, gene trapping and gene therapy. Keywords: Tc1/Mariner transposon; transgenesis; gene trapping; gene therapy 转座子(transposon)是一段在宿主基因组中可以