shenwu(国外英语资料).docVIP

shenwu(国外英语资料) A chemical substance obtained from sea water Unit 1 teaching of chlorine, bromine, iodine and their compounds The navigation [] Sea water is a treasure house of chemical elements, and a large amount of gas and various salts are dissolved in the sea water. A variety of l00 elements found on land and found in over 80 species in the sea. Sea water is an important resource for people to obtain chlorine, bromine, iodine, magnesium and their compounds. I. extraction of chlorine, bromine and iodine (1) chlor alkali industry - electrolysis of salt water to produce chlorine and caustic soda; our country mainly uses sea salt as raw material. Sea salt contains impurities such as calcium sulfate, Magnesium Sulfate, magnesium chloride and so on. It should be purified and made into saturated salt water to be electrolyzed again. 2NaCl + 2H2O + H2 = Cl2 = = = 2NaOH Chlor alkali industry is facing problems: (1) the products are seriously corroded to the equipment and the environment is polluted remarkably. The power consumption is large. (two) the common process of extracting bromine from sea water After concentrating and acidification the sea water, pass in the right amount chlorine, and make the bromine ion into the bromine element: 2NaBr+Cl2=Br2+2NaCl To the water solution containing br 2 in air and water vapor, the elemental sulfur dioxide solution containing bromine into the absorption tower in order to achieve the purpose of enrichment: Br2+SO2+2H2O==2HBr+H2SO4 (also used NaOH or Na2CO3 solution absorption) Absorption of chlorine into the solution of the absorption tower: 2HBr+Cl2==2HCl+Br2 Extraction of bromine in solution of carbon tetrachloride (benzene) by absorption of bromine. (three) the main process of extracting iodine from marine plants Soak the ashes of kelp or seaweed after soaking with water The water to pass into the amount of chlorine, iodine ions into iodine: 2NaI+Cl2 = I2+2NaCl Filtration and extraction of iodine element with organic solvent. Tw