C2014_C1学生拷贝.pptVIP

* The Standard I/O Library provides you with a function named “printf ( )” “printf ( )” prints argument as text on screen Argument is the text between the parentheses (“Hello World!\n”) “\n” is a C convention for “end of line” (For open book tests, remember KR page 193) All C program statements end with a “;” * * 每个语句占一行 不同结构层次的语句，从不同起始位置开始 程序不同部分间加空行 Statements can be broken across lines or ganged on a single line White space is defined as: Blanks New lines Horizontal and vertical tabs Comment Formfeeds * 编译预处理命令directive /* */可以嵌套，在options compilersousenested comments中设置 Functions are groups of instructions that operate on data to produce and often return results Known in other languages as methods, procedures, subs, among others * Creating Programs in C Six basic steps Edit Preprocess Compile Link Load Execute Editor Used to create the program and store it on disk (secondary storage) C programs should be saved with a .c extension Preprocessor Handles various manipulations before compiling, including Inclusion of additional specified files (e.g. stdio.h, stdafx.h) Text replacement Results in more efficient, clearer and less unwieldy code Compiler Translates the saved program file to machine language (a/k/a object code) and saves it to a file Linker Links object code from any additional specified files into appropriate places in your code Produces a file that is an executable image of the linked object code and stores it on the disk Loader Puts the executable image (instructions) from the disk into primary memory Execute CPU takes each instruction in primary memory and executes it CPU may also store new data values as program executes Debugging Check program execution and output to ensure program compiles and runs as expected If it doesn’t, make corrections in the edit phase and repeat the remaining steps C Compiler / Linker C source is compiled to object file(s) Object file(s) is/are linked to create an executable file Executable file runs as native machine c