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Passive Voice 被动态 1. Review Major grammatical categories (语法范畴) of verb Tense Aspect Voice Mood Person Number Active Passive be-passive get-passive Passive constructions are possible with most transitive verbs, e.g., The proposal was approved by the coordinating team. These people got left behind in Vietnam. 2. Participants in transitive construction Verb d-Object Subject Predicate i-Object Jimmy gives a bottle. Mark The first floor contains sculptures. This year sees a new recession. Tactics can win the game. you Agent 施动者 Location 地点 Time 时间 Instrument 工具 Recipient 接受者 Patient 受动者 Patient 受动者 Patient 受动者 Beneficiary 受益者 Patient 受动者 Active Clause (主动句) Object Complement Jimmy considers a geek. Mark Agent 施动者 Patient 受动者 宾补 Verb Complement Subject Predicate Object Mark is given a bottle Sculptures are contained A new recession is seen this year. The game can be won with tactics. for you Recipient 接受者 Patient 受动者 Patient 受动者 Patient 受动者 Patient 受动者 Passive Clause (被动句) (by+Agent) Mark is considered (by Jimmy). a geek Patient 受动者 补语 (by Jimmy). A bottle is given to Mark Patient 受动者 Recipient 接受者 (by Jimmy). Adverbial in the first floor. 方式状语 地点状语 时间状语 Beneficiary 受益者 3. Basic passive construction Verb Complement Subject Predicate Object Passive Clause (被动句) (by+Agent) Adverbial Patient 受动者 Recipient 接受者 Recipient 接受者; Beneficiary 受益者 Patient 受动者 by agent 施动者 be/get -ed be/get -ed by agent 施动者 3.1 Structural analysis (1) By sustainability is meant the ability to maintain a certain status or process in existing systems. ? By agent V S (2) Boyfriend: Happy anniversary! Girlfriend: What do you mean? Boyfriend: Today is our one-month anniversary of dating. By anniversary is meant their one-month anniversary of dating. ? Adverbial of manner V S (3) In “Benjamin has been found a geek” the underlined NP functions as ____. A. Object B. complement C. appositive D. postmodifier 4. Some phrasal verb passives (1) This matter is being looked into. (2) Th
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