第29届奥运会中、美、俄奖牌分布特点及其启示.pdfVIP

第 16 卷第 2 期 体 育 学 刊 Vol.16 No.2 2009 年 2 月 Journal of Physical Education F e b . 2 0 0 9 第29届奥运会中、美、俄奖牌分布特点及其启示 张玉超19 （华南师范大学体育科学学院，广东 广州 510006 ） 摘 要：对中国、美国、俄罗斯3 国运动员在第29 届奥运会获得奖牌项目分布的特点进行分 析。结果表明：中国运动员竞技成绩取得重大突破，奖牌数增加、奖牌项目分布更加广泛；传统 优势项目获得39 枚金牌，继续保持领先优势，潜优势项目为金牌总数提升做出了贡献。但我国金 牌项目扎堆，金银铜比例呈现倒金字塔现象；游泳、田径项目奖牌严重歉收，特别是田径金银牌 数为零。美国除了田径、游泳两个优势项目外，奖牌均匀分布在各大项中；美国获得金、银、铜 牌比率比较均衡，实力不可小觑。俄罗斯成绩严重下滑，在多个项目上丢掉多个金牌和奖牌，金 牌榜和奖牌榜上均排在第3 位。 关 键 词：奖牌分布特征；第29 届奥运会；中国；美国；俄罗斯 中图分类号：G811.21 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2009)02-0081-04 th Characteristics of the distribution of the 29 Olympic medals won by China, the United States and Russia ZHANG Yu-chao （School of Physical Education，South China Normal University，Guangzhou 510006，China ） Abstract: The author analyzed the characteristics of the distribution of events in which medals are won by athletes of China, the United States and Russia in the 29th Olympic Games, and revealed the following findings: the Chinese Olympic team has made major breakthroughs in competitive performance - it won medals in more events; it won 39 gold medals in its traditional advantageous events, showing that it continued to maintain its advantages, and it has made contributions to the increase of the total number of gold medals in its potentially advantageous events; how- ever, most of the medals won by China are gold medals, and the proportions of gold m