材料导论---课后习题---七章.doc

Module 7 ?7-1 Understand the following terms: (a) composites; (b) nanocomposites;(纳米复合材料） (c) environmental composites.（环保复合材料） ?(a) a useful complex solid material composed of two or more materials that are combined on a macroscopic scale（宏观尺寸） by physical means and do not lose their identity（特性）. ?(b) a new subset(子集) of CMC, MMC or PMC, are composites with a substrate（基板） that is reinforced（加强） with nanometer size particles（微粒）that enhance（提高） the substrates’ physical properties. ?(c) a composite consisting of 80% advanced polymer and 20% aluminum, developed for automotive application，and easily recycled and are made using low energy and a clean manufacturing（制造） system. ? 7-5 What do the abbreviations CMC, PMC and MMC stand for, respectively? ?MMC: Metallic matrix composites金属基复合材料 ?PMC: Polymer matrix composites聚合物基复合材料 ?CMC: Ceramic matrix composites陶瓷基复合材料 ?7-6 Define the following terms: (a) fiber-reinforced composite; (b) fiber; (c) whisker（晶须）; (d) continuous fiber(连续纤维); (e) discontinuous fiber（间断纤维）; (f) critical length of a fiber（纤维临界长度） ?(a) a materials system made primarily of varying （不同）amounts of a particular fiber reinforcement embedded（嵌入）in a protective material called a matrix; a coupling agent is applied to the fiber to improve the adhesion of the fiber to the matrix material. ?(b) the basic individual filament(个别纤维) of raw material from which threads or fabrics(线程或面料)are made. ?(c) are formed from extremely thin single crystals(单晶) of high perfection (完善)with a large length-to-diameter ratio for reinforcing composite materials. ?(d) are essentially（基本上） infinite（无限） in length and extend continuously throughout the matrix in a composite material. ?(e) are not less than3 mm in length and tend to orient（方向） themselves in the direction of resin flow as a composite material is processed. ?(f)The length limit for a fiber to have a load-carrying and reinforcing abilities (P 332) ?7-8 List the functions of a matrix and a coupling agent in a composit