西方经济学 4的.pdfVIP

本章内容 第四章 Contents 需求曲线Demand curve 供给与需求的市场力量 供给曲线Supply curve The Market Forces of Supply and 市场均衡和价格机制Market equilibrium Demand and the price mechanism 比较静态Comparative Statics：均衡的变 动Changes in equilibrium 1 2 供给与需求的市场力量 市场 The Market Forces of Markets Supply and Demand 供给与需求是经济学家最常用的两个术语 一个市场就是一个购买或销售某种商品或服务的 Supply and demand are the two words that 群体 economists use most often. 供给与需求是推动市场经济运转的力量所在 A market is a group of buyers and sellers of a particular good or service. Supply and demand are the forces that make market economies work. 术语供给和需求是指市场里人们相互作用的行为 现代微观经济学研究有关供给、需求和市场均衡 The terms supply and demand refer to the Modern microeconomics is about supply, behavior of people . . . as they interact with one demand, and market equilibrium. another in markets. 3 4 市场类型：竞争市场 市场Markets M