汉译英第1讲.ppt

形合与意合 丁小凤 2010年8月 汉语和英语， 哪个是形合？ 哪个是意合？ 此处的“合”指关系。 一句话当中可能有若干小句，小句之间的关系可隐可显，如果关系是隐性的，便好似那无缝的天衣，我们称之为“意合”；如果关系是显性的，便会在形式上清晰地严格地表现出来，我们称之为“形合”。 意合 Chinese: Parataxis意合The arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relation between. 小句之间的关系不靠连接词来维系。 形合 English : Hypotaxis 形合 The dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of clauses with connectives. 小句之间的依赖或主从关系靠连接词来维系。 形合/意合 Can you think of an example? 你不来我不走。 ?You don’t come I won’t go. 错啦！ 分析: “你来”是 “我走”的条件。 I won’t leave till you come. Task: Find Out the Hidden Connectives in the Following. 找出以下句子里隐含的连接词  1．???????????? 他不老实，我不能信任他。I cant trust him because he is not honest. 2．???????????? 人不犯我，我不犯人。We will not attack unless we are attacked. 3．???????????? 说是说了，没有结果。Ive made proposals but they proved futile. 4．???????????? 打肿脸充胖子吃亏是自己。If you get beyond your depth, you will suffer. 5．???????????? 人到事中迷, 就怕没人提。When a man is lost in a labyrinth, what he needs badly is a hint. 6．???????????? 瓜熟蒂落，水到渠成。When a melon is ripe, it falls off its stem. When water flows, a channel is found. 7．???????????? 不坚持，就会失败。If you dont hold on, you will fail. 8. ???????????? 他对音乐感兴趣，就来了。He came because he was interested in music. 9. 你需要我，我就来。I will come if you want me. ??????? 聪明一世，糊涂一时。 吃饭防噎，走路防跌。 ?留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 送君千里，终有一别。 道路是曲折的，前途是光明的。 不到黄河不死心。 狼披羊皮还是狼。 问遍千家成行家。 不进则退。 ??????? ??????? 吃饭防噎，走路防跌。While eating, take heed that you do not choke. While walking, take heed that you do not fall. 聪明一世，糊涂一时。Smart as a rule, but this time a fool. ??? 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。So long as green hills remain, there will never be a shortage of firewood. 送君千里，终有一别。Although you may escort a quest a thousand miles, you must the parting come at last.??????? 道路是曲折的，前途是光明的。The future is bright while the road ahead is tortuous. 不到黄河不死心。Until all is over, ambition never dies. 狼披羊皮还是狼。A wolf remains a wolf even though it is in sheeps clothing. ? 问遍千家成行家。(