小农农业的代际问题.PDFVIP

10/28/2016 Generational Problems in Smallholder Agriculture 小农农业的代际问题 Ben White      International Institute of Social Studies (ISS) , The Netherlands 本怀特教授 荷兰鹿特丹伊拉斯谟大学国际社会科学研究所 Objectives for this session 讲座目标 In this seminar we will explore the generational dimension in agriculture, and its importance in agrarian studies, with a focus on ‘peasant’ or smallholder farming communities. 我们将探讨农业的代际维度，探讨它在农政研究中的重要性，特 别是对“小农”或小农社区的重要性。 To do this we need to combine theories and concepts from (critical) agrarian studies and (critical) youth studies. 为此，我们需要将（批判性的）农政研究和（批判性的）青年研 究结合起来 This session has two parts: 本讲分为两个部分 1. Introduction, theories and concepts 介绍、理论和概念 2. Cases and issues for research 研究案例与讨论议题 1 10/28/2016 Introduction: the importance of ‘generation’ in agrarian studies 引言：“代”在农政研究中的重要性  Despite predictions that peasants are destined to disappear, smallholder farms or family farms still number more than 500 million worldwide, and 98 per cent of all the world’s farm units. 尽管有人预言，农民注定要消失，但当今世界上仍有超过5亿个小农农场 或家庭农场，占世界农场总数的98% 。  Depending on how they are defined they farm 50 - 75 per cent of the world’s farm land, while the other 2 percent of farming units (corporate farms and large private farms) occupy the other 25 - 50 per cent (Graeub et al., 2016; Lowder et al., 2016). 因界定上的差异，他们耕种的土地面积大约占世界耕地面积的50%~75% ， 而剩下的2%的农场（大公司农场或大型私人农场）占据了25%~50%的土 地。  At least 475 million of these farms are smaller than 2 hectares (Lowder et al., 2016, p. 27). 至少有4.75亿个农场的面积小于2公顷。  Will this pa