美国文学Chapter 1 概述.ppt

Pilgrim: 朝圣者Person who travels to a holy place as an act of religious devotion. Puritan: 清教徒Member of the party of English Protestants in the 16th and 17th centuries who wanted simpler forms of church ceremony. Don’t be confused As the word itself hints, Puritans wanted to make pure their religious beliefs and practices. The Puritan was a “would be purifier.” The word was coined by the opponents of the group and was applied to them in scorn, it was intended to ridicule them as persons who thought themselves holier or better than others. The undaunted Puritans claimed the name for themselves, adopting it as a badge of honor. The Literature of Colonial America 3.3 Puritan thoughts The Puritans wished to restore simplicity to church services and the authority of the Bible to theology. They felt that the Church of England was too close to the Church of Rome in doctrine, form of worship, and organization of authority. The Literature of Colonial America 3.3 Puritan thoughts Puritans included people from the humblest to the loftiest ranks of English society, both educated and uneducated, poor and rich. The puritans looked upon themselves as a chosen people, and it followed logically that anyone who challenged their way of life was opposing God’s will and was not to be accepted. The Literature of Colonial America 3.3 Puritan thoughts They drove out of their settlements all whose opinions seemed dangerous to them, and history has criticized them for their actions. Puritan opposition to pleasure and arts has sometimes been exaggerated , but it is true that their lives were disciplined and hard. 3.3 Puritan thoughts Puritans tended to support joy and laughter as symptoms of sin. The Puritans made laws about private morality as well as public behaviour. Yet this attempt to suppress all sin seemed to produce outbreaks of misbehavior as if in reaction to the strictness. The Literature of Colonial America 3.3 Puritan thoughts Hard work, thrift, piety