第八讲 非限定动词不定式资料.ppt

用动词不定式重写下列句子 1. She needs rice; She’s going to the shop. 2. He cannot lift that case; he is not strong enough. 3. Lucy washes dishes; she needs half an hour. 4. I meet you; I am glad. 5. I heard that he is sick; I am sorry. 答案 1. She’s going to the shop to buy rice. 2. He is not strong enough to lift that case. 3. It takes Lucy half an hour to wash dishes. 4. I am glad to meet you. 5. I am sorry to hear that he is sick. 第八讲 非限定动词 非限定动词又叫非谓语动词，包括不定式、分词和动名词。 非限定动词和限定动词的区别 不同点：前者不能单独作谓语；不受主语人称和数量的限制；而限定动词的形式要和主语的人和数一致。如；She likes to dance. They like to dance. 可以起名词、形容词、副词的作用。如： To see is to believe. The man sitting by her is my teacher. Seeing the teacher entering the room, I stood up. 相似点： 1. 都可以带宾语。如； He bought a computer. He wanted to buy a computer. 2. 都可以由状语修饰。如； He studies very hard in the college. Studying hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 都有语态和时态的变化。如： He has finished his homework.（完成式） Having finished his homework, he went out. The overpass will be built there.（被动） The hospital being built will be completed next month. 动词不定式的句法功能 1. 作主语。如： To speak English well isn’t an easy job. To improve our teaching method is very important. To talk with her is a great pleasure. 不定式短语作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，往往用it作形式主语，把不定式置于谓语之后。 It is important to master English grammar. 2. 作表语。如： The duty of a doctor is to treat the sick, cure the injured, and to save lives. Her wish is to improve the working condition. 3. 作宾语。如： They decided to change their mind. I can’t afford to live in a detached house. 常跟疑问词＋不定式作宾语的动词 Ask consider decide discover Discuss explain find out forget Inquire know learn remember Show tell think understand wonder 等。如： I don’t know what to do next. Can you tell me how to do this? 不定式作宾语时，如还带有宾补，往往把不定式放在宾补之后，用it作形式宾语。如： I feel it difficult to answer the question. 动词不定式通常不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时例外。如： He gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language. 4. 作复合宾语中的宾语补足语。 Tell the children not to play on the street. He advised me to buy a better computer.