英语国家慨况goldrushchineseexclusion.ppt

California Gold Rush and Chinese Immigration Pain and Prosperity Gold Discovered 1848 300,000 people come to California Many came through San Francisco, turning it into a major port city. Where did they come from? Oregon Hawaii Latin America Europe Australia Asia Gold Nuggets (2.5cm) Effects San Francisco population in 1846: 200 San Francisco population in 1852: 36,000 California became a state! Constitution written 1849 Governor and legislature were chosen Officially became a state in 1850 Known as “Golden State” Football team: San Francisco “49ers” Effects California state motto: “Eureka!” (“I have found it!”) First Wave of Chinese Immigrants First Wave of Chinese Immigrants 40,400 Chinese Immigrants between 1851-1860 to mine for gold Violence against Chinese was common. As a result, Chinese miners worked in large teams and chose to work areas that were considered unproductive. This gave them certain advantages, causing resentment among European miners. Chinese Gold Miners Legal Discrimination Taxes passed between 1852-1870 Foreign miner’s tax (three dollars a month) How much do you think Chinese miners were making a month? Supreme Court decision keeping Chinese immigrants from testifying against white criminal suspects Transcontinental Railroad Chinese Railroad Labor Wage discrimination and quality work made Chinese laborers attractive Dangerous work—many laborers died digging tunnels and crossing mountains Background California’s constitution authorized the state government to determine which individuals were allowed to reside in the state banned the Chinese from employment by corporations and governments Resentment against Chinese laborers Chinese Exclusion Act (May 6, 1882) Federal law of the United States What does that mean? Who was responsible? Prohibited all immigration of Chinese laborers for ten years Excluded Chinese immigrants from citizenship, made them permanent aliens It Gets Worse Scott Act (1888) prohibited reentry after leaving the U.S. Supr